Egyptians were advanced in their knowledge of medical practices.  They were masters of human anatomy and healing due mostly to the extensive mummification ceremonies.  In these ceremonies most organs were removed after death.  This practice gave them a better understanding of their functions. 

Illnesses were thought to be caused by the wrath of gods or by an evil spirit that entered the body.  It was believed that many illnesses were caused by worm like creatures that invaded the body.

Doctors and priests combined magic spells with herbal and mineral remedies to help heal their patients.  Many of their medicines came from plants such as castor oil, tannic acid, juniper berry juice, and coriander. 

Doctors wrote medical  documents on papyrus, Egyptian paper.   They described in detail how to treat broken bones, stitch cuts, and heal burns.